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- <text id=93TT1780>
- <title>
- May 24, 1993: Reviews:Music
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- May 24, 1993 Kids, Sex & Values
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- REVIEWS
- MUSIC, Page 82
- For Them, Time Ran Out
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By MICHAEL WALSH
- </p>
- <qt>
- <l>COMPOSERS: Three Young Europeans</l>
- <l>ALBUM: Silenced Voices</l>
- <l>LABEL: Northeastern</l>
- </qt>
- <p> THE BOTTOM LINE: The work of talents who did not escape the
- Holocaust offers witness to what might have been.
- </p>
- <p> During the 1930s, a steady stream of composers and performers
- fled Nazi Germany in the wake of Hitler's Kulturkampf. Paul
- Hindemith, Kurt Weill, Arnold Schoenberg, Bruno Walter, Otto
- Klemperer and other purveyors of "degenerate art" found a safe
- haven in the U.S. Gentile and Jew alike, they contributed immeasurably
- to the development of music in America. But what of those not
- so lucky as to escape? What talents were consigned to the flames
- of the Holocaust? The fascinating and moving new CD Silenced
- Voices offers poignant witness to what was--and what might
- have been.
- </p>
- <p> Perversely, music played an important role in the Nazi concentration
- camps. Loudspeakers blared Schubert, Wagner and march music,
- while, less officially, prisoners smuggled in instruments and
- put on private musicales. In "model" camps such as Theresienstadt
- (Terezin) in Bohemia, the inmates were even encouraged to perform
- for visiting Red Cross workers to show that they were being
- treated humanely. The late French composer Olivier Messiaen
- wrote one of this century's most illuminating chamber works,
- the Quartet for the End of Time, while incarcerated in a Silesian
- camp. Messiaen survived. But for most victims time was something
- that indeed came to an end.
- </p>
- <p> The stilled voices on the new disc belonged to Ervin Schulhoff,
- a Prague-born composer and associate of George Grosz and Paul
- Klee, who died at age 48 in 1942 in the Wulzburg camp; Vitez
- slava Kapralova, a Czech-born pianist and conducting student
- of Charles Munch, who, only 25, perished in 1940 of tuberculosis
- while attempting to get to America; and Gideon Klein, another
- Czech composer, who died in 1945 at the age of 25 after trips
- to Theresienstadt, Auschwitz and Furstengrubbe.
- </p>
- <p> The most accomplished composer of the three was Schulhoff, whose
- String Quartet No. 1 and two other chamber works, which date
- from 1924-25, reveal the kind of craftsmanship and imagination
- to be expected from a student of Reger and Debussy. The quartet
- in particular is outstanding, combining the rhythmic snap of
- Bartok with the plaintive melodic lines of Kodaly.
- </p>
- <p> Kapralova's brief Dubnova Preludia Suite for piano is another
- strong work, dedicated to the pianist Rudolf Firkusny, who knew
- her in Paris before the war. In four short movements this collection
- of miniatures displays the Slavic influence of her teacher,
- Bohuslav Martinu, in its deft command of keyboard technique,
- sharp ear for piquant sonority and angular, accented melodies.
- </p>
- <p> Klein completed the first movement of his Duo for Violin and
- Cello in November 1941, a month before he was sent to Theresienstadt.
- There he took part in the camp's Potemkin-village cultural scene,
- writing in a camp publication that "people who never lived here
- will look at the number of musical events here with wonder and
- amazement." He never finished the second movement: two minutes
- and 35 seconds into the lento, the music is cut off in mid-measure,
- mute testimony to catastrophe, as eloquent as any note ever
- written.
- </p>
- <p> The performances by the Hawthorne String Quartet and other New
- England-based musicians are brisk and idiomatic. But such considerations
- are almost irrelevant in light of the music's larger issues.
- "If we consider the demands of the programs, together with the
- strains on the artists who live in new surroundings under unpleasant
- conditions," wrote Klein, "we will understand that these artistic
- efforts are not solely to be judged by the standards of a metropolitan
- critic." History is now the judge.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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